Motivation plays a crucial role in determining learners’ success in acquiring a foreign language. This study investigates the relationship between students’ motivation and their English language achievement among university students in Uzbekistan. A quantitative correlational design was employed using a motivation questionnaire and students’ academic results. The findings revealed a significant positive correlation between motivation and English achievement, indicating that students with higher motivation levels performed better in their English courses. The study also found that intrinsic motivation had a stronger influence on achievement compared to extrinsic motivation. The results highlight the importance of motivational strategies in English language teaching and suggest practical implications for educators.

This article analyzes the importance of improving code quality and refactoring methods in software development. Improving code quality is a crucial process that ensures the stability, readability, and extensibility of software products. The article examines the main principles of refactoring, its types, and modern techniques. It also highlights the criteria for assessing code quality and their role in the software engineering process. The research results contribute to identifying effective approaches to enhancing software product quality. This work serves as a guide for software engineers and researchers in defining practical directions for code quality improvement.

In recent years, social partnership, that is, cooperation between civil society and the state, has taken an important place in modern public administration. This cooperation is one of the main tools for jointly solving socio-economic problems, assisting in the implementation of the social functions of the state, and strengthening civil society. Uzbekistan is also developing its experience in this direction. This article discusses the theoretical foundations, forms, advantages, problems, and the current situation of social partnership in Uzbekistan.

In order to reveal the essence of the processes of social transformation, the article analyzes the processes leading to structural changes in the state, society, life, activities and worldview of the individual. Also presented are opinions and comments on the impact of the transformation process on the national mentality and national consciousness.

This аrticle explores the pedаgogicаl аspects of the rehаbilitаtion process of children with disаbilities. It exаmines the role of educаtionаl methods, the professionаl аpproаch of teаchers, аnd their impаct on children’s sociаl аdаptаtion аnd personаl development. Speciаl аttention is given to the interrelаtion between speciаl pedаgogy аnd sociаl rehаbilitаtion, аs well аs the аpplicаtion of educаtionаl technologies аnd innovаtive methods. The findings highlight the importаnce of pedаgogicаl аpproаches in ensuring the successful integrаtion of children with disаbilities into society.

This scientific study analyzes the development of modern educational processes based on international norms and indicators, as well as their adaptation to local conditions. It examines legal education approaches widely applied in global practice, particularly the design of curricula based on competencies, the expansion of academic freedom, and the strengthening of mechanisms for monitoring education quality. These aspects are studied in comparison with reforms in national education policy. In addition, the research explores the challenges that arise in aligning the national legal system with global standards, their socio-legal consequences, and possible solutions. The theoretical foundation of the study is based on the documents of international organizations in the field of education, advanced foreign experiences, and the requirements of national legislation. As a result, conceptual directions have been developed for achieving high-quality indicators in the legal field through improving the content and methodology of education, enhancing staff qualifications, and expanding international cooperation.

This paper systematically analyzes the core content of Uzbekistan's energy strategy transformation from 2022 to 2026, focusing on its natural gas exploration and development, market liberalization, renewable energy synergistic development, and chemical industry upgrade policies. Research indicates that Uzbekistan promotes market-oriented reform of its energy system through the "Development Strategy for New Uzbekistan 2022-2026," gradually abolishes natural gas price subsidies, establishes an energy wholesale market, and attracts private investment in renewable energy through tax incentives. Simultaneously, the country actively develops its natural gas chemical industry and promotes the implementation of GTL projects to achieve resource value-added goals. However, winter supply-demand contradictions, insufficient infrastructure, and unauthorized gas usage remain significant challenges. This paper evaluates the effectiveness and limitations of Uzbekistan's energy transition by combining policy texts and statistical data, providing a case reference for understanding Central Asian energy policies.

The article analyzes the use of digital technologies, data-driven politics, and political PR tools in modern political governance. The author explores the impact of digitalization processes on state-society relations, the effectiveness of decision-making based on big data, as well as the positive and negative aspects of managing public opinion.

Language is one of the most important foundations of human culture. It is not only a means of communication, but also an integral part of thinking, culture, society and history. Linguistics, on the other hand, is the science that studies this complex system and includes various approaches, theories and techniques. At the same time, there are many problems in linguistics that still require scientific research and analysis.anguage is one of the most important foundations of human culture. It is not only a means of communication.

This article analyzes the role of international experience and cooperation in ensuring transparency in public administration in Uzbekistan. It examines the mechanisms of implementing openness policies in different countries, particularly in the Scandinavian states, the United States, and the European Union, highlighting their advantages and effective aspects. The study also explores Uzbekistan’s recent reforms aimed at promoting transparency, including the development of the e-government system, the open data portal, the establishment of People’s Reception Offices, and cooperation with international organizations. The article emphasizes the necessity of adapting international practices to local conditions and proposes prospective directions for further advancement of transparency policies.

This article examines the transition of medical terminological dictionaries into electronic formats and its impact on the development of applied lexicography in the Uzbek language. The advantages of electronic dictionaries such as fast search, regular updates, and multimedia integration are analyzed. In addition, the paper highlights existing challenges and discusses the scientific and practical significance of electronic medical dictionaries.

This article provides a comparative analysis of the implementation of the translanguaging approach in primary education in Uzbekistan and neighboring countries. Translanguaging is a modern approach that allows students to exchange ideas, communicate, and consolidate knowledge using multiple language resources in an integrated manner. The study compares the experiences of Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan based on criteria such as language policy, curricula, teacher training, textbooks and methodological support, and factors for developing students' linguistic competence. The article first examines the state language policy and official documents on multilingualism of each country. Then, the role of the mother tongue and foreign languages ​​in primary education programs, the possibilities of organizing integrated lessons, and existing experiences are analyzed. It also provides a comparative review of teachers' methodological training, attitudes toward language transfer, and real-world applications. As a result, it is determined that the translanguaging approach in Uzbekistan plays an important role in developing multilingualism, increasing communicative competence, and approaching international standards while preserving national values. Comparison with the experience of neighboring countries serves as a scientific basis for eliminating existing problems and developing effective methodologies.