This article examines the reproduction of Orientalist narratives in British media discourse and political rhetoric in the post-Brexit era. Drawing upon Edward Said’s theory of Orientalism, the study analyzes the mechanisms through which the image of the “Other” is constructed in contemporary British media and political communication. Particular attention is devoted to migration issues, international security, and the transformation of the United Kingdom’s foreign policy identity following its withdrawal from the European Union. The research employs discourse analysis, comparative analysis, and a postcolonial theoretical framework. The findings demonstrate that despite significant changes in official foreign policy rhetoric, Orientalist representations continue to exert considerable influence on public perceptions and the construction of British foreign policy identity.

This study evaluates the economic efficiency of no-code development platforms using mathematical modelling and comparative scenario analysis. Traditional and no-code development approaches are compared in terms of initial cost, maintenance cost, development time, productivity, return on investment (ROI), net present value (NPV), and approximate payback period. The analysis assumes a six-month evaluation horizon, a gross economic benefit of USD 4,500, and a 10% discount rate. The results indicate that the no-code approach reduces total six-month costs by 85% and development time by 83.3%. The calculated ROI equals 40.6% for traditional development and 837.5% for no-code development. The corresponding NPV values are USD 890.9 and USD 3,610.9. These findings suggest that no-code tools may provide substantial economic advantages for repetitive, standardized, and moderately complex business processes, although platform dependence and limited support for complex algorithms remain important constraints.

In the digital age, access to information and communication technologies — particularly the internet — is widely believed to support economic development. However, the empirical relationship between internet penetration and economic growth remains debated. This study uses a cross-country dataset (2010–2023) compiled from World Bank Development Indicators and complemented by a Kaggle-sourced ICT dataset. Employing Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, the analysis examines whether internet usage per 100 people significantly predicts GDP per capita growth. Results show a strong, positive, and statistically significant relationship, even after controlling for education and capital formation. The coefficient for internet users is 0.021 (p<0.01), indicating that a one percentage point increase in internet penetration is associated with a 2.1% increase in GDP per capita. Diagnostic tests confirm that the model satisfies key Gauss-Markov assumptions, including normality (Shapiro-Wilk p = 0.281), homoskedasticity (Breusch-Pagan p = 0.143), and no multicollinearity (mean VIF = 1.80). These findings suggest that expanding digital infrastructure is a meaningful policy lever for economic development, particularly for emerging economies like Uzbekistan, which has increased internet penetration from approximately 25% in 2015 to over 80% in 2024.

This scientific article examines the multifaceted impact of social networks on the lives of young people. In today's digital environment, social networks significantly influence the way youth communicate, access information, their psychological well-being, and social relationships. The article analyzes the widespread use of platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, and Telegram among young people, as well as their positive and negative consequences. The study presents evidence proving that social networks affect the academic performance, physical health, mental state, and socialization process of young people.

This article analyzes the didactic opportunities of modern educational technologies in improving the process of teaching the Russian language in higher education institutions. The study examines the role of the competency-based approach, digital learning tools, interactive methods, modular educational technologies, and the communicative approach in enhancing the quality of Russian language education. Furthermore, the article reveals the significance of modern pedagogical technologies in developing students’ communicative competence, independent thinking, creative activity, and professional preparedness. The findings of the study contribute to the development of scientific and practical recommendations aimed at modernizing Russian language education and increasing educational effectiveness.

This article broadly analyzes the socio-psychological factors that influence the formation of career choice motivation among upper secondary school students, including family environment, peer group, educational institution, and personal-psychological characteristics. The influence of these factors on professional orientation, interests, and decision-making processes is examined. Based on observations and theoretical analysis, practical recommendations for improving career guidance work in schools have been developed.

This study investigates the influence of light intensity on the main photoelectric parameters of silicon solar cells. An analysis was carried out on the dependences of short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, fill factor, and conversion efficiency on the level of incident radiation. The physical processes of charge carrier generation and recombination, which determine the operation of solar cells under different illumination levels, are examined. It was established that the short-circuit current depends linearly on light intensity, whereas the open-circuit voltage follows a logarithmic relationship. It is shown that variations in illumination give rise to nonlinear effects associated with internal losses and the parameters of the p–n junction. The research results make it possible to identify the factors limiting the efficiency of silicon solar cells and may be used in the optimization of photovoltaic systems.

This article analyzes the semantic, thematic and stylistic features of lexical Arabisms used in Alisher Navoi’s Sufi-biographical work “Nasoyim ul-muhabbat”. The study identifies the functions of Arabic borrowings in expressing religious and mystical concepts, moral and psychological qualities, symbolic color and light meanings, and bookish-scientific terminology. The findings demonstrate that Arabisms in the work operate not only as lexical borrowings but also as key linguistic means that reveal the ideological and aesthetic essence of the text, the Sufi worldview and the concept of the perfect human being. Descriptive, comparative, semantic and stylistic methods are used in the analysis.

This article examines the role of fantasy in children’s literature and its impact on children’s thinking and imagination. Within the framework of Children's Literature, the study analyzes how fantasy elements contribute to cognitive development, creative thinking, and the formation of moral perceptions in children. It also highlights how fantasy narratives enhance problem-solving skills, abstract thinking, and emotional empathy. The works of J. K. Rowling and the fairy tales of Roald Dahl are used as key examples. The findings suggest that fantasy plays an important educational and developmental role in shaping children’s cognitive growth.

This study explores the semantic, pragmatic, and cognitive distinctions between indicative and subjunctive conditionals in English. Indicative conditionals typically convey factual or epistemically possible scenarios, while subjunctive conditionals are used to express hypotheticals or counterfactuals. The paper examines how these two types of conditionals differ in truth-conditions and inferential behavior, highlighting debates over whether they reflect fundamentally distinct meanings or subtler pragmatic differences. Key theoretical perspectives are discussed, including Lewis’s variably strict semantics for subjunctives, material implication with pragmatic enrichment for indicatives, and alternative views such as the conditional assertion and No Truth-Value approaches. Additionally, the study considers the cognitive underpinnings of conditional reasoning, suggesting that the capacity to assert conditionally may precede the formation of fully defined conditional propositions. Despite semantic differences, both indicative and subjunctive conditionals share important patterns in reasoning, such as the failure of Strengthening the Antecedent, indicating overlapping functional roles in human thought. This analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of how conditional structures encode meaning, guide inference, and reflect cognitive strategies in hypothetical reasoning.

The article summarizes the existing literature on system relations and attempts to identify such general types as "paradigmatic fields, semasiological fields, logically understandable (thematic) fields, lexical-thematic groups, lexical-semantic groups" based on the results of the analysis of the dictionary of construction terminology in the onomasiological and semasiological aspects of establishing various lexical-semantic relations within the dictionary and referential correlation with external linguistic series.

This article analyzes the socio-spiritual significance of the Jadid movement that formed in Central Asia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It examines the educational reforms implemented by Jadid enlighteners, innovations in the fields of press, literature, and theater, as well as their efforts in national identity awareness and modernization of society. The article analyzes the activities and ideas of Jadid representatives such as Mahmudkhoja Behbudiy, Abdulla Avloniy, Abdurauf Fitrat, Munavvar qori Abdurashidkhonov, and highlights their contribution to the socio-spiritual life of the region.