This article analyzes the importance of improving code quality and refactoring methods in software development. Improving code quality is a crucial process that ensures the stability, readability, and extensibility of software products. The article examines the main principles of refactoring, its types, and modern techniques. It also highlights the criteria for assessing code quality and their role in the software engineering process. The research results contribute to identifying effective approaches to enhancing software product quality. This work serves as a guide for software engineers and researchers in defining practical directions for code quality improvement.

This scientific study analyzes the development of modern educational processes based on international norms and indicators, as well as their adaptation to local conditions. It examines legal education approaches widely applied in global practice, particularly the design of curricula based on competencies, the expansion of academic freedom, and the strengthening of mechanisms for monitoring education quality. These aspects are studied in comparison with reforms in national education policy. In addition, the research explores the challenges that arise in aligning the national legal system with global standards, their socio-legal consequences, and possible solutions. The theoretical foundation of the study is based on the documents of international organizations in the field of education, advanced foreign experiences, and the requirements of national legislation. As a result, conceptual directions have been developed for achieving high-quality indicators in the legal field through improving the content and methodology of education, enhancing staff qualifications, and expanding international cooperation.

In the multifaceted scientific heritage of Abu Rayhan Beruni, his ethical views also occupy a special place. Since only a certain part of the scholar's works has reached us, it is impossible to say for sure whether the philosopher had any separate works devoted to ethics. An analysis of the views of the encyclopedic scholar shows that, although under the influence of official religious ideology, his views on ethics were essentially universal and scientific-enlightenment in nature.

This article examines the importance of Abu Nasr Al-Farabi's scientific and philosophical heritage in the upbringing of a well-rounded individual today, the fact that Al-Farabi's life gave priority to human intelligence in his scientific and philosophical views, the scientist's views on the anatomical, physiological and psychological characteristics of man, as well as the biological foundations of his cultural and social activities. Al-Farabi's recognition of man as the most perfect and mature end of world development, and the need to educate and train a person in his works are analyzed.

The article presents the results of a questionnaire survey conducted among specialists in the field of physical culture and sports to identify the influence of practicing various sports, including volleyball, on the formation of professional skills and personal qualities among students of the Faculty of Physical Culture of pedagogical universities.

The article substantiates Abu Ali ibn Sina's philosophical views on existence and knowledge based on scientific sources. Abu Ali Abu Ali ibn Sina's ontological views were mainly influenced by Neoplatonism. The main categories of the doctrine of existence are matter, motion, space, time, substance. The article mentioned that Abu Ali ibn Sina put forward the opinion that nature is eternal and eternal, its laws do not change by themselves, man is able to understand them, the soul is determined by the activity of the body, and its individual immortality is impossible.

At all stages of human history, people have tried to understand the Universe. He tried to study the essence of existence, the laws of its movement. We see that the stages of the formation of mythological, religious and scientific worldviews did not take place in a specific chronological sequence, but in most cases, if we consider them in the context of historicity, they develop one on the other. . For example, despite the fact that it is the 21st century, some elements of the mythological worldview are preserved. At the same time, the religious worldview develops in a spiral, sometimes in a strong and sometimes in a relatively weak form, manifesting itself as a way of understanding the world. The scientific approach to understanding the world, which is an integral part of the philosophical worldview, has undergone great changes, and in some cases, the owners of mythological and religious worldviews use modern scientific achievements to prove their irrational conclusions. If we take into account that all these processes take place a thousand years after the creation of Yusuf Khos Hajib, then we can understand how relevant and innovative the scientist’s views on the phenomenon of enlightenment and knowledge were even for his time.

The article analyzes the phenological views and knowledge used by the Turkic peoples in traditional types of economy, in particular, agriculture, animal husbandry and horticulture, various calendars created on the basis of knowledge collected as a result of observing celestial and natural phenomena, the role and significance of phenological knowledge in agriculture.

This article covers the linguistic and cultural foundations of the study of the fairy tale genre in folklore today, as well as the translation models found in translation research, i.e., comparative, process and variable models. Also, four standard hypotheses in world translation studies are described and described based on the phenomenon of retranslation.

In this article, the content and levels of improving the structural and functional model of methodical training of future foreign language teachers through the analysis of computer linguistics and the problems of foreign language teaching today provide pedagogical opportunities to prepare them for professional-pedagogical activities. The issues of training future foreign language teachers in a modern way, focusing on the training of specialists with deep knowledge who think creatively, and are able to solve complex social and production problems, are revealed scientifically.

For environmental education and environmental education in Chemistry, some environmental issues should be used appropriately. They serve as an excellent tool in organizing classes for future chemistry teachers.