This article explores the linguistic and cognitive aspects of dialogical communication. The study considers dialogical speech as a phenomenon closely connected with human cognition, mental structures, and contextual factors. Special attention is paid to the cognitive processes of interlocutors, including presupposition, implicature, speech acts, and the formation of pragmatic meaning in dialogue. The paper outlines the theoretical foundations of dialogical communication within the framework of cognitive linguistics and conceptualizes dialogue as an interactive and dynamic process. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of dialogical discourse and support the development of linguistic and pragmatic analysis.

This article examines Orientalism as a persistent ideological and political construct employed in the framework of state foreign policy strategies. Based on the analysis of political and media discourse, the key mechanisms of using Orientalist representations to legitimize interventions, construct the image of the «Other» and redistribute influence in global politics are identified. The results demonstrate that Orientalism remains significant as a tool of symbolic and practical domination, adapting to new geopolitical conditions.