This study evaluates the economic efficiency of no-code development platforms using mathematical modelling and comparative scenario analysis. Traditional and no-code development approaches are compared in terms of initial cost, maintenance cost, development time, productivity, return on investment (ROI), net present value (NPV), and approximate payback period. The analysis assumes a six-month evaluation horizon, a gross economic benefit of USD 4,500, and a 10% discount rate. The results indicate that the no-code approach reduces total six-month costs by 85% and development time by 83.3%. The calculated ROI equals 40.6% for traditional development and 837.5% for no-code development. The corresponding NPV values are USD 890.9 and USD 3,610.9. These findings suggest that no-code tools may provide substantial economic advantages for repetitive, standardized, and moderately complex business processes, although platform dependence and limited support for complex algorithms remain important constraints.

This article analyzes the socio-spiritual significance of the Jadid movement that formed in Central Asia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It examines the educational reforms implemented by Jadid enlighteners, innovations in the fields of press, literature, and theater, as well as their efforts in national identity awareness and modernization of society. The article analyzes the activities and ideas of Jadid representatives such as Mahmudkhoja Behbudiy, Abdulla Avloniy, Abdurauf Fitrat, Munavvar qori Abdurashidkhonov, and highlights their contribution to the socio-spiritual life of the region.

This article analyzes the growing importance of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the fields of science and education. In science, AI plays a crucial role in processing complex data, accelerating new discoveries, and optimizing research processes. In education, it enhances the quality of teaching through personalized learning, the creation of educational materials, and the automation of assessment systems. The article thoroughly discusses AI's current capabilities, achievements, and future prospects in these fields. Its integration into scientific and educational systems opens new horizons for innovative development.

The article analyzes the study of the problem of Turkestan Jadidism in Turkish historiography based on the IMRAD model. The source basis of the study is dissertations prepared at Turkish universities and the scientific conclusions presented in them. The aim is to reveal how Jadidism was explained in the Turkish scientific environment, which directions were prioritized, and how the role of Turkestan Jadids in education, religion, literature, politics, and socio-economic life was interpreted. The results show that, while Turkestan Jadidism in Turkish historiography was initially interpreted within the framework of the "usuli jadid" schools and the influence of Ismail Gaspirali, in subsequent studies it was evaluated as a complex movement related to Behbudi, Munavvar Qori, Abdurauf Fitrat, Young Bukhara people, the press, national revival, religious reform, and socio-economic development. Each main idea in the article is given with footnotes indicating the page.

This article analyzes the formation and development of knowledge from the perspective of semiotic systematization. Knowledge is interpreted as a process through which information about the external world is transformed into a symbolic-cognitive construct by means of sensation, perception, experience, logical generalization, and social agreement. The article examines the emergence of signs, symbols, sounds, words, texts, and concepts, as well as the mechanisms by which they are transformed into knowledge, on the basis of naturalistic, conventional, anthropological, and cognitive approaches. It also distinguishes genetic, artificial, and social forms of knowledge and explains their role in human thought, experience, cultural relations, and the system of formal education.

This article analyzes social communication problems emerging among primary school students in the context of the rapid development of information and communication technologies. From a philosophical and pedagogical perspective, the author examines the negative impact of virtual world addiction on children`s speech, worldview, and interpersonal relationships. Furthermore, the article puts forward scientific proposals for restoring students` need for face-to-face communication in the era of technological progress and the rational use of digital devices.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the main problems of the digitalization process in transport and logistics enterprises. The results showed that the digital transformation process in the transport and logistics sector is characterized by a lack of financial resources, a shortage of specialists with modern information technologies, the obsolescence of the existing infrastructure, and the priority of data security problems.

The article discusses the fact that today the processes of development, renewal and modernization in our society are being carried out step by step, which in turn leads to sustainable development in the economic, political, social, scientific, cultural and a number of other spheres of the state. Also, special attention is paid to the essence of the concepts of modernization and transformation, and the attitudes and opinions of domestic and foreign scientists regarding the definitions of the concepts are given.

The article substantiates the processes of forming ecological awareness and culture in modern society, the introduction of new approaches to the development of ecological culture, the use of modern methods and tools, as well as the importance of coordinating actions at global and local levels. The article also identifies modern mechanisms and prospects for the development of ecological culture.

This scientific article studies the lexical transformation of proverbs in the work "Kutadgu Bilig" in Turkish. The process of lexical transformation in the work helps to understand the process of language development. Studying this process helps linguists to determine the historical development of the language, the changes in lexical units, and cultural influences. Lexical transformations enrich the language and expand its functional capabilities.

This article is devoted to the study of methods, possibilities and practical significance of modeling the distribution of air pollution using geographic information systems (GIS). The article describes methods for analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution of air pollution based on data from ground monitoring stations, transport and industrial zones, and remote sensing technologies. It is also shown that the models developed using GIS are of practical importance in the application of environmental monitoring, urban planning and sustainable development strategies.

In order to reveal the essence of the processes of social transformation, the article analyzes the processes leading to structural changes in the state, society, life, activities and worldview of the individual. Also presented are opinions and comments on the impact of the transformation process on the national mentality and national consciousness.