This article focuses on the socio-political and spiritual situation in Turkestan in the beginning of the XXth century, historical conditions, the enlightenment movement, Jadidism, and the spiritual foundations of the freedom struggle against colonialism.

What is the place and role of a woman in society? Humanity has been searching for an answer to this question for thousands of years. In today’s time of technological progress and great discoveries, this issue is becoming more urgent and acute. According to the United Nations, the problem of the status and role of women in society is second only to environmental and economic issues.