This article examines Al Kindi's contribution to the development of the science of philosophy, his works and views on philosophy.

This article discusses the present-day forms of Hindu philosophy, which has a long history, and the ideas behind them.

This article аbout the most difficult questions in the history of philosophy is what is metaphysics, that is, the ideas of existence outside of nature and their logical analysis. It was Ibn Sina who developed this complex doctrine and used the method of logic. Many western scientists have unanimously learned the heritage of Ibn Sino. His methodology has been assessed differently. The article outlines these approaches. The study of Ibn Sina’s logical approach to theological issues is one of the most important studies on modern Islamic philosophy. Because the issue of synthesis of religion and philosophy has been a matter of controversy. The finding of Ibn Sina is still an example of the boundless perceptions of the human mind.