This article studies the morphometric changes observed in the wall of the ventricles of the heart of offspring born to parents with diabetes. In the experimental study, the structure of cardiac cardiomyocyte cells, capillary network, and myocardium was analyzed. According to the results, thickening of the heart wall, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and an increase in the amount of interstitial connective tissue were detected in diabetic offspring. These changes were evaluated as early morphological signs of functional disorders in the heart. The results of the experimental study can serve as a scientific and practical basis for studying the effect of diabetes on the structure of the heart of offspring based on in-depth scientific results and developing measures to eliminate the complications and consequences of maternal diabetes in the heart of the offspring.